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Principles and Practices of Management
Principles and Practices of Management MCQs
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While guiding organization members in appropriate directions, a manager exhibits ______________
Consideration behavior
Authoritarian behavior
Theory y behavior
Leadership behavior
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Which role of manager that needs to resolve major and minor crisis that may occur unexpectedly?
Negotiator
Entrepreneur
Resource allocator
Disturbance handler
?
Group brainstorming encourages all of the following except ______________
Team building
Analysis of alternatives
Convergent thinking
Uninhibited verbalization
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______________ is not one of the eight steps in the decision making process.
Identifying the problem
Analyzing alternative solutions
Implementing the decision
Delegating the decision making
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All of the following are the levels of communication EXCEPT ______________
Intrapersonal Communication
Interpersonal Communication
Mediated Communication
Frame Communication
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In which organizational form are there dual or multiple lines of authority?
Matrix
Modular
Multidivisional
Decentralized
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Functional managers are responsible ______________
For a single area of activity
To the upper level of management and staff
For complex organizational sub-units
For obtaining copyrights and patents for newly developed processes and equipment
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Which of the following is the determinant of organization structure?
Technology
Centralization
Size of the work unit
Coordination of activities
?
In communications management, to assimilate through the mind or senses is the process of ______________
Receiving
Decoding
Comprehending
Understanding
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What is involved in communication process?
Idea-encoding-channel-decoding-feedback
Idea-information-channel-receiver
Information-channel-receiver
Sender-receiver-channel
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Frederick Taylor and Frank and Lillian Gilbreth were advocates of an approach to management involving the use of scientific method, known as _________...
The contingency approach.
Scientific management.
The quantitative approach
Management science.
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______________ is an individual capacity to influence decisions.
Span of control
Line authority
Staff authority
Power
?
Some policies are imposed by external forces, such as ______________
Governmental regulatory agencies
Employee demands
Management decisions
Lack of funding
?
The job design would be LEAST formal in a ______________
Matrix structure
Professional bureaucracy
Divisionalized structure
Machine bureaucracy
?
Which of the following is not an example of formal communication?
Contact
email
Project status report
Status meeting
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All of the following are communication tools EXCEPT ______________
Memos
Verbal circulation of a rumor
Body language
Inputting data into a spreadsheet
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______________ is a communication that flows from a higher level to one or more lower levels in the organization.
Horizontal communication
Upward communication
Downward communication
None of given options
?
Which management concept suggests that low-importance decisions be handled by subordinates, so that managers can focus on high-importance decisions? ...
management by objective
management by exception
participatory management
inclusionary management
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Authority, discipline, unity of command, and unity of direction are ______________
Principles of the human relations movement.
Taylor four principles of management.
Elements of Weber ideal bureaucratic structure.
Four of Fayol fourteen principles of management.
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Organization structure primarily refers to ______________
how activities are coordinated and controlled
how resources are allocated
the location of departments and office space
the policy statements developed by the firm
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Policies are sometimes defined as a(n) ______________
Shortcut for thinking
Action plan
Substitute for strategy
Substitute for management authority
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The problem-solving process begins with ______________
Clarification of the situation
Establishment of alternatives
Identification of the difficulty
Isolation of the cause
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Scalar chain refers to ______________
The line of authority from top management to the lowest rank
Degree to which subordinates are involved in decision making
Every employees should receive orders from only one superior
People and materials should be in the right place at the right time
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Which of the following is the determinant of organization structure
Technology
Centralization
Size of the work unit
Coordination of activities
?
______________ is the process of getting results accomplished through others.
Ordering
Mandating
Delegating
Working
?
The receiver filters messages based on all but the following ______________
Culture
Semantics
Language
Distance
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The communication process must have a medium to convey information between two or more parties. The three common media are ______________.
Written, spoken, and signalized
Visual, audio, and tactile
Seeing, talking, and listening
Seeing, listening, and touching
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The decision-making model consists of four styles: directive, analytic, behavioral and ______________.
Conceptual
Intuitive
Group interaction
Laggard
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Which of the following is not a basic function of the management process?
Controlling
Organizing
Working
Leading
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What is the term used to define the number of subordinates directly controlled by a manager?
Division management
Departmentation
Investment span
Span of management
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In general, if a policy is not thought out and established ______________
A situation requiring action will arise
Social issues will cause change in the organization
Managers will be hired from the outside
There will be significant staff turnover
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Who is the person was well known for the "Hawthorne Studies"?
Elton Mayo
Max-Weber
Chester Barnard
Mary Parker Follet
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Maslow and Herzberg are two examples of ______________ theories of motivation.
Expectancy
Content
Process
Equity
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Which type of decision making is carried out by lower level management and deals with specific day ______________ day processes?
Programmed decision making
Operational decision making
Administrative decision making
Mid-level decision making
?
Which management theorist is responsible for the motivation-hygiene theory?
Abraham Maslow
Peter Drucker
Dale Hawthorne
Frederick Herzberg
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Strategic planning as a broad concept consists of ______________
Corporate strategy and business strategy
Strategy formulation and strategy implementation
Inputs and outputs
Environmental analysis and internal analysis
?
Which of the following is NOT a principle of management given by Taylor?
Science, not rule of the Thumb
Functional foremanship
Maximum not restricted output
Harmony not discord
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Equity theory of motivation focuses on ______________
Peoples expectation of different outcomes for a given action
Peoples perception of how fairly they have been treated in comparison with others
The motivational force involved in a person’s action at work
People’s perception of how they should perform in a given situation at work
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Operations research analysts do not
Predict future operations
Build more than one model
Collect relevant data
Recommend decision and accept
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The name management science is preferred by
Americans
English
French
Latin
?
______________ Theory is an important operations research technique to analyze the queuing behaviour.
Waiting line
Net work
Decision
Simulation
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A map indicates roads, highways, towns and the interrelationship is an ______________ model
Iconic
mathematical
analogue
none of the above
?
Constraints in an LP model represent
Limitations
Requirements
Balancing limitation
all of the above
?
Most of the constraints in the linear programming problem are expressed as ______________
Equality
Inequality
Uncertain
all of the above
?
The solution space of a LP problem is unbounded due to
An incorrect formulation of the LP model
Objective function is unbounded
Neither (a) nor (b)
Both (a) and (b)
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While solving an LP problem infeasibility may be removed by
Adding another constraint
Adding another variable
Removing a constraint
Removing a variable
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An activity which must be completed before one or more other activities start is known as ______________ activity.
Predecessor
Successor
Dummy
End
?
Alternative solutions exists of an LP model when
One of the constraints is redundant.
Objective function equation is parallel to one of the constraints
Two constraints are parallel.
all of the above
?
______________ is the latest time by which an activity can be started without delaying the completion of the project.
EST
EFT
LST
LFT
?
______________ is the shortest possible time in which an activity can be delayed without delaying the project.
Pessimistic time estimate
Optimistic time estimate
Most likely time estimate
None of these
?
What decision-making condition must exist for the decision tree to be a valuable tool?
Certainty
Uncertainty
Risk
It does not matter, the tool is appropriate in all environments
?
The criteria of expected monetary value is used for making decisions under
Certainty
Uncertainty
Risk
all of the above
?
The minimum expected opportunity loss is
Equal to EVPI
Minimum regret
Equal to EMV
Both (a) and (b)
?
The objective of network analysis is to
Minimize total project duration
Minimize total project cost
Minimize production delays, interruption and conflicts
All of the above
?
Decision variables are
Controllable
Uncontrollable
Parameters
None of the above
?
An optimization model
Mathematically provides best decision
Provides decision with limited context
Helps in evaluating various alternatives constantly
All of the above
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Modern scientific management research originated during ______________
World war II
World war I
1990
1993
?
______________ Example of probabilistic model
Game theory
Charts
Graphs
All the above
?
The best use of linear programming technique is to find an optimal use of
Money
Man power
Machine
all of the above
?
Which of the following is not a category of linear programming problems?
Resource allocation problem
Cost benefit trade off problem
Distribution network problem
All of the above are categories of linear programming problems.
?
In linear programming problem if all constraints are less than or equal to, then the feasible region is
Above lines
Below the lines
Unbounded
None of the above
?
An event which represents the beginning of more than one activity is known as ______________ event.
Merge
Net
Burst
None of the above
?
L ______________ is that sequence of activities which determines the total project time.
Net work
Critical path
Critical activities
None of the above
?
______________ is the duration by which an activity can be delayed without delaying the project
Slack
Total float
Free float
Independent float
?
______________ is event oriented.
CPM
PERT
LP
None of the above
?
______________ is the disconnection of an activity before the completion of activities in a project network diagram.
Dangling
Looping
Dummy
None of the above
?
If a decision theory problem has 3 decision alternatives and 4 states of nature, the number of payoffs in that problem will be
3
4
12
64
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All of the following are steps in the decision-making process EXCEPT
List alternatives
Define the problem
Identify the possible outcomes
Compute the posterior probabilities.
?
The minimum EOL will always result in the same decision as
Minimax
Maximin
Maximum EMV
Maximax
?
The decision making criteria that should be used to achieve maximum long term pay off is
EOL
EMV
Hurwicz
Maximax
?
When total supply is equal to total demand in a transportation problem , the problem is said to be
Balanced
Unbalanced
Degenerate
None of the above
?
A model is
An essence of reality
An approximation
An idealization
All of the above
?
The application of OR techniques involves ______________ approach
Individual
Team
Critical
None of the above
?
______________ is an important Operations research technique to be used for determining optimal allocation of limited resources to meet the given obje...
Waiting line theory
Net work analysis
Decision analysis
Linear programming
?
______________ is a method of analyzing the current movement of the same variable in an effort to predict the future movement of the same variable. ...
Goal programming
Markov analysis
Replacement theory
Queuing theory
?
A feasible solution to a linear programming problem
Must satisfy all problem constraints simultaneously
Need not satisfy all constraints
Must be a corner point of the feasible region
Must optimize the value of the objective function
?
Which of the following may not be in a linear programming formulation?
<=.
>.
=.
All the above
?
______________ is a series of related activities which result in some product or services.
Network
transportation model
assignment
none of these
?
Constraint in LP problem are called active if they
Represent optimal solution
At optimality do not consume all the available resources
Both of (a) and (b)
None of the above
?
It ______________ at which an activity can start.
EST
EFT
LST
LFT
?
______________ is the time by which the completion of an activity can be delayed beyond its earliest finish time without affecting the earliest start ...
Slack
Total float
Free float
Independent float
?
______________ is the duration by which an activity can be delayed without delaying the project.
Total float
Slack
Earliest event time
None of these
?
For decision making under uncertainty, identify the decision rule that is appropriate for the optimist.
Laplace
Maximax
Minimax regret
Maxmin
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Opportunity loss refers to
The expected value of a bad decision
The expected loss from a bad decision
The difference between actual pay off and the optimal pay off
The regret from not having made a decision
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Which of the following criterion is not used for decision making under uncertainty?
Maximin
Maximax
Minimax
Minimize expected loss
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The initial solution of a transportation problem can be obtained by applying any known method. But the only condition is
The solution be optimal
The rim conditions are satisfied
The solution not be degenerate
All of the above
?
A physical model is an example of
An iconic model
An analogue model
A verbal model
A mathematical model
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______________ helps management to evaluate alternative course of action for selecting the best course of action
Operations research
Quantitative technique
Management research
None of the above
?
______________ Is known as symbolic model
Iconic
Mathematical
Analogue
None of the above
?
Which of the following as an assumption of an LP model
Divisibility
Proportionality
Additively
all of the above
?
While solving LP problem graphically, the area bounded by the constraints is called
Feasible region
Infeasible region
Unbounded solution
None of the above
?
Any activity which does not consume either any resource or time is called ______________ activity.
Predecessor
Successor
Dummy
End
?
Activities lying on the critical path are called ______________
Net work
Critical path
Critical activities
None of the above
?
_____________ is activity oriented.
CPM
PERT
LP
None of the above
?
______________ is a scheme or design of something intended or device.
Programme
Project
Network
Float
?
Which of the following is not a part of decision tree problem specification?
a list of alternatives
A list of possible state of nature
EVPI
Pay off associated with alternative / state of nature combination.
?
A good decision always implies that
Will obtain the best final results
Have used appropriate quantitative analysis.
Have considered all alternatives
Have followed a logical process.
?
The value of the coefficient of optimism is needed while using the criterion of
Equally likely
Maximin
Realism
Maximin
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Game theory models are classified by the
Number of players
Sum of all payoff
Number of strategies
All of the above
?
Every mathematical model
Must be deterministic
Requires computer aid for solution.
Represents data in numerical form
All of the above