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Mackinaw Coats, Inc., is planning to issue additional shares of common stock in a public offering. The current market price of Mackinaw stock is $38, and the dividend for the past year was $2.25. A well-known investment advisory firm forecasts dividend growth of 8%, and an investment banker estimates that the flotation costs would be 6% of the issue price. What cost of equity should Mackinaw use in its cost of capital calculation?